The positive effects of employees’ trust in their supervisors have been widely documented, such as job engagement, performance, and organizational citizenship behaviors. Given supervisors’ authority in the workplace, we suspect supervisors would bear a critical role in initiating trusting supervisor-employee relationships. As suggested in the social exchange theory, employees may perceive supervisor trust in them as a kind act by the supervisor and feel obligated to return such a kind act with their trust in supervisor. The Research To examine the relationships among (supervisor) trust in employee, (employee) felt trust, and (employee) trust in supervisor with empirical data, I worked with Drs. Yung-Kuei Huang at National Ilan University in Taiwan and Ning-Kuang Chuang at Kent State University on a project. Our purpose is two-fold. 1. To examine the mediating relationships among trust in employee, felt trust, and trust in supervisor with two-dimensional measu
As many of us have left the pandemic behind in 2022 and begun traveling again, airlines started It may seem that everything is finally moving into a brighter future in 2023, but the truth is: the permanent impacts of the pandemic and the uncertainty of the market have pushed many industry leaders to further streamline their operations. Considering the existing challenges facing the hospitality and tourism industries, I expect 2023 will be the year for significant changes. Food prices are unlikely to fall General month-to-month inflation is easing, but not for most essential food items , especially when year-to-year inflation is concerned. On average, consumers were paying $4.25 for a carton of Grade A large eggs in December 2022, a jump from $1.79 a year ago. An outbreak of bird flu, high inflation, and cage-free-egg laws imposed by some states might be the reasons. Average butter prices went from $3.47 a pound a year ago to $4.81. Margarine, usually used as a substitute for bu